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81.
互联网和电子商务的快速发展带动了快递行业的飞速发展,使社会对快递包装物的需求增加.庞大的快递废弃物给环境造成了严重的破坏.然而由于相关法律不健全、回收体系不完整、企业不积极以及回收渠道少等原因导致了中国的快递包装废弃物回收率非常低.构建快递包装废弃物回收产业链,并降低快递包装废弃物对环境造成的影响就成了社会经济发展的一个迫切需要.为此推广环保材料和环保产品以及提高消费者环保意识入手,构建快递包装废弃物回收产业链势在必行. 相似文献
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覆盖处理对猪粪秸秆堆肥中氮素转化和堆肥质量的影响 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5
为了探讨覆盖措施对堆肥化中氮素转化与堆肥质量的影响,在自制的强制通风静态堆肥箱中,模拟研究了覆盖腐熟堆肥后,下层猪粪秸秆堆肥及覆盖层中氮素形态和其他腐熟度指标的变化.结果表明:覆盖处理降低了下层堆肥中的含水率、种子发芽指数(GI值)、升温期和高温期的pH值,增大了降温期后的堆肥电导率EC值,而对堆温影响不大.覆盖处理未改变堆制初期下层堆肥中氨气的释放总量,只延缓了氨气的释放时间,但明显增加了降温期后堆肥中硝态氮和有机氮的含量.在堆制期间,覆盖处理的下层堆肥中硝态氮、有机氮、总氮和总磷含量的增幅分别比对照高66.7%、33.8%、32.7%和138.6%;而有机碳降解率、铵态氮和腐殖质含量的降幅则分别比对照低1.1%、8.0%和3.7%.覆盖层中pH值、铵态氮和硝态氮含量的变化说明腐熟堆肥能够吸收下层堆肥释放的氨气并进行硝化作用;覆盖层的腐熟堆肥总体上进行了矿化作用,从而影响了下层堆肥的氮素转化过程及质量. 相似文献
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Although microbial treatments of heavy metal ions in wastewater have been studied, the removal of these metals through incorporation into carbonate minerals has rarely been reported. To investigate the removal of Fe^3+ and Pb^2+, two representative metals in wastewater, through the precipitation of carbonate minerals by a microbial flocculant (MBF) produced by Bacillus mucilaginosus. MBF was added to synthetic wastewater containing different Fe^3+ and Pb^2+ concentrations, and the extent of flocculation was analyzed. CO2 was bubbled into the mixture of MBF and Fe^3+/Pb^2+ to initiate the reaction. The solid substrates were analyzed via X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The results showed that the removal efficiency decreased and the MBF adsorption capacity for metals increased with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the system containing MBF, metals (Fe^3+ and Pb^2+), and CO2, the concentrated metals adsorbed onto the MBF combined with the dissolved CO2, resulting in oversaturation of metal carbonate minerals to form iron carbonate and lead carbonates. These results may be used in designing a method in which microbes can be utilized to combine CO2 with wastewater heavy metals to form carbonates, with the aim of mitigating environmental problems. 相似文献
86.
Shiming Ding Di Xu Xiuling Bai Shuchun Yao Chengxin Fan Chaosheng Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(5):925-932
The understanding of organic phosphorus(P) dynamics in sediments requires information on their species at the molecular level,but such information in sediment profiles is scarce.A sediment profile was selected from a large eutrophic lake,Lake Taihu(China),and organic P species in the sediments were detected using solution phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(31 P NMR) following extraction of the sediments with a mixture of 0.25 mol/L NaOH and 50 mmol/L EDTA(NaOH-EDTA) solution.The results showed that P in the NaOH-EDTA extracts was mainly composed of orthophosphate,orthophosphate monoesters,phospholipids,DNA,and pyrophosphate.Concentrations of the major organic P compound groups and pyrophosphate showed a decreasing trend with the increase of depth.Their half-life times varied from 3 to 27 years,following the order of orthophosphate monoesters > phospholipids DNA > pyrophosphate.Principal component analysis revealed that the detected organic P species had binding phases similar to those of humic acid-associated organic P(NaOH-NRP HA),a labile organic P pool that tends to transform to recalcitrant organic P pools as the early diagenetic processes proceed.This demonstrated that the depth attenuation of the organic P species could be partly attributed to their increasing immobilization by the sediment solids,while their degradation rates should be significantly lower than what were suggested in previous studies. 相似文献
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